生物信息学技术在细菌耐药机制研究中的应用
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Monitoring and assessment on antimicrobial resistance of bacteria in 12 hospitals of Jiangsu province, China, 2012
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    摘要:生物信息学(bioinformatics)是基于分子生物学理论,并与生物学、数学、计算机科学、信息学融合而成的交叉复合学科。收集、整理、解析生物学实验数据是生物信息学的主要任务。本文扼要介绍了该技术在与细菌耐药相关基因分析中的应用。包括可将测得序列与数据库比对,测得的变异基因序列翻译成氨基酸序列委托Swiss Model Workspace作三维结构同源建模,进行可视化分析与分子对接分析。将测序所得细菌全基因组序列上传至基因自动注释网站,可获得编码基因序列和相应的蛋白质序列;上传至日本京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)在线注释工具KAAS,可获得细菌代谢途径示意图。利用基因组数据库也可进行全基因组数据分析。

    Abstract:

    Abstract:Objective:To monitor and assess the antimicrobial resistant of bacteria in 12 hospitals of Jiangsu province during the year of 2012. Methods:A total of 48 683 non-repetitive messages on bacteria were collected. The drug susceptibilities were tested by automated microbiology system or Kirby-Bauer disk dilution method. The results were interpreted by the Criteria published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2011). The data were statistically analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software. Result:Among the 8 786 strains of Staphylococcus methicillin resistant rate were 63.8%. Among the isolated 2 744 strains of Enterococcus, the drug susceptibilies of E.faecalis to all the antibiotics were higher than those of E.faecium, but the intermediate susceptibility rate for vancomycin were 7.1% in E.faecalis. Among the 155 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae the susceptibility rate of penicillin was more than 80% according to the break point of non-meningitis, but the susceptibility rate of penicillin reduced obviously according to meningitis. In the 20 245 strains of Enterobacteriaceae, the highest susceptibility rate was shown in carbapenems in which imipenems exhibited susceptibility rate of 93.2%, and the other 2 antibiotics with susceptibility rates of over 70% were amikacin(82.5%) and piperacillin/tazobactam (76.3%). In non-ferment bacterium, 5 658 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii showed drug-resistant rate of 67.9% to imipenems, 72.5% to meropenem, and more than 60% to other 11 examined antibiotics. The drug-resistant rate of 6 393 strains of Pseudomons aeruginosa was obviously lower than that of Acinetobacter baumannii. The strains of H.influenzae isolated from 156 patients showed the susceptibility rate of 100% to azithromycin and over 75% to piperacillin/tazobactam, cefotaxime and levofloxacin. Conclusion:The detectable rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus still was the highest of gram-positive cocci. The rise of isolation rate of E.faecium may predict more difficult treatment for infection caused by enterococcus. Carbapenems kept very high antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae, but the susceptibility rate was reducing. In non-ferment bacterium, the resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems increased at the fastest rate. The resistance rate of Pseudomons aeruginosa to carbapenems exceeded that of the third or fourth generation cephalosporin.

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糜祖煌.生物信息学技术在细菌耐药机制研究中的应用[J].临床检验杂志,2013,31(10):728-730

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  • 收稿日期:2013-07-24
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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-12-11
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